Framing Grade 10 Students’ Speaking Difficulties
Marizan Tapel
Discipline: Education
Abstract:
This study aimed to identify the speaking difficulties of the Grade 10 students in Pasay City National
High School and provide proper intervention. This study is a combination of descriptive-qualitative,
and quantitative research (mixed methods) with 10 regular purposedly pick Grade 10 respondents
with an age bracket of 15-18. In the first phase (quantitative) the researcher utilized survey
questionnaires for respondents’ demographic profile and the adapted and modified 15-item English
Speaking Attitude Questionnaire (ESAQ) was used to identify the respondents’ attitude toward
speaking English. Results revealed that respondents have a negative attitude toward speaking a
second language. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test the reliability of ESAQ, with 0.86 good
reliability. In the second phase (qualitative), an online interview, FGD, and oral/speaking test were
administered. An adapted and modified speaking test patterned to TOEIC was used to identify the
respondents’ linguistic and non-linguistic speaking difficulties which have also undergone a validity
and reliability test. Kendall’s W was used to avoid bias and it garnered a rating of 0.89 which fell
under good reliability. This study revealed that respondents have linguistic and non-linguistic
problems. An intervention tool/program was created and suggested classroom activities and
recommendations were enumerated to address such difficulties.
References:
- Alfi, I. (2015). Improving the students' speaking skills through communicative games for the grade VIII students of MTSN Ngemplak. Doctoral dissertation, Yogyakarta State University.
- Allen, W. (2016, April 11). Using a theory of change (ToC) to better understand your program - Learning for Sustainability. Learning for Sustainability.
- Al-Tamimi, M. F., et. al. (2018). The effect of using Facebook on improving English language writing skills and vocabulary enrichment among University of Jordan sophomore students.
- Aprialita, A. R. (2018). English Speaking Difficulties faced by Jordanian International Students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
- Ariani, M. G. & Ghafournia, N. (2016). The Relationship between Socio-Economic Status, General Language Learning Outcome, and B e l i e f s a b o u t L a n g u a g e L e a r n i n g .
- Baria, G. (2021). Social Media Exposure of Students in Relation to Academic Performance. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS)
- Baclig, C. E. (2020, November 20). Philippines drops further in global English proficiency rankings. Inquirer.net.
- British Council (n.d.). Communicative Language Teaching. 10 S p r i n g G a r d e n s , L o n d o n S W 1 A 2 B N , UK.
- Cabigon, M. (2015). State of English in the Philippines: Should We Be Con cern ed ? British Cou n cil, Philippines.
- Canceran, D. & Temporal, C. (2018). Attitude of Grade 12 SHS Academic Tracks Students Towards Speaking in English. Cagayan State Un iversity . Cagayan Valley, Ph ilipp ines.
- Carpenter, W. (2019). Philippines: A Friendly Country for English S p e a k e r s .
- Chiu, T. & Shen, M. (2019). EFL Learners’ Speaking Difficulties and Strategy Use. Education and Linguistics Research. National Formosa University.Yun-Lin, Taiwan,R.O.C.
- Connolly, M. R. & Seymour, E. (2015). Why Theories of Change Matter.
- Dencil, A. & Yesilyurt, S. (2017). Motivation to Speak English: ASelf-Determination Theory Perspective.
- Doochin, D. (2019) English As an International Universal Language. B a b b e l M a g a z i n e .
- Fitriani, D. E., Apriliaswati, R. & Wardah (2015). A Study on Student’s English Speaking Problems in Speaking Performance. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa.
- Gaerlan, M. J. (2016). LEARNING IN A L2: An analysis of less successful Filipino ESL learners’ experiences through Consensual Qualitative Research. De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.
- Garrido, G. L. (2021). Self-Determination Theory and Motivation. S i m p l y P s y c h o l o g y .
- Haerens, L. (2021). Supporting educational professionals and o p t i m i z i n g s t u d e n t m o t i v a t i o n .
- Inayah, R. & Lisdawati, I. (2017). Exploring Students’ Difficulties in Speaking English and Their Attitude In Speaking English. Acuity: Journal of English Language Pedagogy, Literature and Culture. STKIP Siliwangi Bandung.
- Kardwish, N. A. (2016). Investigating Speaking Difficulties that E n c o u n t e r S t u d e n t s at S e c o n d a r y S c h o o l s .
- Krashen, S. (1986). Second Language acquisition and Second Language Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice-Hall.
- Laela, K. N. (2017). CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES USED TO IMPROVE STUDENTS SPEAKING SKILL: A NATURALISTIC STUDY AT ENGLISH TUTORIAL PROGRAM AT UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA.
- Lyons, D. (2021). How Many People Speak English, And Where Is It S p o k e n ? B a b b e l M a g a z i n e .
- Manuel, J. (2021). How to Assess Speaking Skills in the ESL Classroom. English Post.org.
- McCombes, S. (2019). How to create a research design. Scribbr.
- Nadesan, N. K., & Shah, P. Md. (2020). Non-Linguistic Challenges Faced by Malaysian Students in Enhancing Speaking Skills. C r e a t i v e E d u c a t i o n , 1 1 , 1 9 8 8 - 2 0 0 1 .
- Nakahlah, A.M.M.A. (2016). Problems and Difficulties of Speaking That Encounter English Language Students at Al Quds Open University. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science I n v e n t i o n .
- Noack, R. (2015). Women are better than men at learning English. That’s not necessarily a good sign. The Washington Post.
- Oliveira, K. M. (2017). Summary: Principles of Communicative Language Teaching and Task-Based Instruction.
- Punzalan, J. (2019). DepEd mulls English as a medium of instruction after students' dismal int'l assessment. ABS-CBN News.
- Qaisar, S. (2018). Positive and Negative Effects of Online Gaming. T e c h B e a d .
- Rahayu, N. (2015). AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN SPEAKING ENGLISH DAILY LANGUAGE PROGRAM AT HUSNUL KHOTIMAH ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL.
- Ramadan, M. (2018). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Assumptions and Principles English Language Teaching & Testing Guide.
- Rao, P. (2019). The Role of English as a Global Language. Research Journal of English (RJOE). King Faisal University. Al-Hasa, Kingdom o f Saudi Arabia.
- Regala, M. (26, March 2017). English as a Second Language in the Philippine Education System. Sun.Star Pampanga.
- Rora, A. (2015). The Components of Speaking Skill. Online Article.
- Sayuri (2016). English Speaking Problems of EFL Learners of Mulawarman University. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics. Nabil Hussain College. Indonesia.
- Schutz, R. (2019). Stephen Krashen's Theory of Second Language Acquisition. Brazil.
- Senobio, M (2015). Why English is so very hard to teach and learn? Philippine Daily Inquirer .
- Separa, L.A.C, Generales, L. J. & Medina, R. B. S. (2020). Situational Speaking Difficulties of English as Second Language Learners in the Philippines. JATI-Journal of SouthEast Asian Studies. Polytechnic University of the Philippines Bataan.
- S e r a t , O. ( 2 0 1 7 ) . T h e o r i e s o f C h a n g e .
- Sicam, F. P. & Lucas, R. I. (2016). Language attitudes of adolescent Filipino bilingual learners towards English and Filipino. Asian Englishes. De La Salle University, Manila. Philippines.
- Shorten, A. & Smith, J. (2017). Mixed methods research: expanding the evidence base.
- Speaking. (n.d.). TE 494 ESL Assessment Portfolio. Test of English for International Communication. (2021). ETS.TOEIC Sample Tests.
- Thomas, D. (2022). Educational Research Techniques.
- Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and Opportunities for Higher Education Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Context.
- Wyman, K. (2020.). To Help English Learners, You Need Ways to Reduce their Affective Filter. Resilient Educator.
- Vidhiasi, D. M. (2017). Assessing speaking for achieving communicative competence through “distress call at sea” test at the Nusantara maritime academy. Journal Saintara, 1(2), 43-52 DOI:10.6084/m9.figshare.7988507
- Zakime, A. (2018). What is the Communicative Approach?
- Zoleta, V. (2022). Understanding Social Class in the Philippines: W h ich C la ss Do You Be l o n g t o ? M o n e y m a x .
- Zyoud, M. (2016). Theoretical Perspective on how to Develop Speaking Skill Among University Students. Pune Research Scholar. Al-Quds Open University, Jenin Branch, West Bank,