Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Angiogenic Activity Determination Using Chorioallontoic Membrane (CAM) Assay of Amaranthus spinosus L. (Kulitis) Leaf Extract
Klint Jun Ganancial | Hazel Mae Panes | Melissa June Paderog | Jeannie Joy Cabangal | John Patrick Casiple | Diane Anthonette Dato-on | Jessica May Daza | Christien Marie Demaisip | Kyle Joshua Diaz | Angela Priyah Dieron | Dean Allyssa Diom
Discipline: Pharmacology
Abstract:
Cancer remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with approximately 10 million deaths recorded in 2020,
accounting for nearly one in every six deaths. A critical factor in cancer progression is angiogenesis, the process by
which new blood vessels form to supply oxygen and nutrients, facilitating tumor growth. This study aims to
evaluate the anti-angiogenic activity and conduct phytochemical screening of Amaranthus spinosus (Kulitis) leaf
extract. The researchers presuppose that there will be a significant mean difference on the average branching points
between the treated group, positive control group and negative control group determined by calculating the number
of blood vessels post-48 hours of treatment. In this research, 2500 mcg/mL, 1250 mcg/mL, 625 mcg/mL, 312.5
mcg/mL, 156.25 mcg/mL, and 78.125 mcg/mL was evaluated for safety profile using LD50 analysis with brine
shrimp assay. The least lethal concentration was then used to for the determination of the anti-angiogenic activity.
Phytochemical screening was also performed to confirm the presence of the active constituents responsible for the
anti-angiogenic activity. The results from the experiments concluded that A. spinosus exhibits anti-angiogenic
activity with mean SD branching points of 640.0000 at 78.125 mcg/mL. Phytochemical screening reveals the
presence of saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins.
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